Any sign is an admission of architectural failureMassimo Vignelli (author of the 1972 NYC Subway Map) as retold by Michael Bierut of Pentagram and quoted in Metropolis Magazine, April 2007.
Intermodal facilities are the result of transport planners purposely linking the operational characteristics of one mode to another. This enables customers to transfer between BRT services and to access services of other modes. It is the compatibility and the ‘interwoven’ matrix of scheduled services, communicated through integrated information systems, both static (such as timetables and maps), and dynamic (i.e., real-time information about approaching vehicles), and the use of an integrated ticket that helps determine the level of transfer and the success of an intermodal station.
28.2.1Wayfinding
Four principles of wayfinding for intermodal hubs:
Easy and Intuitive. Station should be designed so that customers can intuitively find their way and see their destination. Direct lines of movement and sight are key;
Consistent, Clear and Legible. Signage should be consistent, clear, and easily legible from a distance. Ingress and egress signs should be clearly differentiated;
Extensive. Information boards providing route information, station layouts, and local destinations should be located all around the station and the surrounding area. This allows people to orient themselves before they exit the station, and to know how to get to the station;
Standardized. The use of standard station layouts, signage, and information systems within a transport network significantly improves the wayfinding experience.
Internal Circulation
Information germane to the multimodal terminal, station, or stop includes route identification (line number), directions to the various modes contained within the station (Metro, ferry, BRT, bike parking), intermodal possibilities within the station and along the transport route, and arrival and departure information. Much of this will be provided by each service provider; however, the smart systems will organize and coordinate the information.
Fig. 28.48Overhead wayfinding signs which use mostly pictograms and colors for quick comprehension.Michael King.Fig. 28.49Wayfinding signs in Metro station showing surrounding neighborhoods, wheelchair boarding, and bicycle parking, Rio de Janeiro.Michael King.Fig. 28.50A wayfinding map at a Metro terminal station, showing location of bus stops surrounding the station in Philadelphia, USA.Michael King.Fig. 28.51A wayfinding map in a Metro station in Rio de Janeiro showing multimodal connections.Michael King.Fig. 28.52A map of public transport connections to New York City airports. Note the current bus connection to LaGuardia Airport is to be upgraded to BRT.Port Authority of New York and New Jersey.Fig. 28.53BRT arrival information at the top of the stairs in the pedestrian mall to access the underground BRT station, Brisbane, Australia.ITDP.
External Circulation
Information about access to and from the station and the surrounding neighborhoods is integral to intermodal integration. This "last-leg" of a journey completes the system. Often this is a walking trip, so much of the information at this level is highly detailed. It is important to display this information as time-based (e.g., within a ten-minute walk) as people more intuitively understand time (as opposed to distance). Signage is not limited to the station proper; signs giving directions to stations should also be away from the station.
Fig. 28.54A wayfinding map with walking distances and intermodal connections (ferry, bus, train) in Vancouver, Canada.Michael King.Fig. 28.55A wayfinding map with walking distances around a train station in Dubai, United Arab Emirates.Michael King.Fig. 28.56A wayfinding map of pedestrian bridges in Hong Kong.Michael King.Fig. 28.57A wayfinding sign to public transport inside a mall in Dubai, United Arab Emirates.Michael King.Fig. 28.58A wayfinding sign found outside the Metro station, Washington, DC. These signs route patrons to the station, thereby extending the station "footprint."Michael King.